HSS??¡ì2D-?¡ì???¡ì|????o?¡ìa???¡ìo???o?2?¡ì2???¨¨ (integrated offerings) ??¨¨????a?¡ì??|¡§?????¨º?¨¨?a??¡ì??¡ì??|¡§??¡§o?????o?2?¡ì2???¨¨o-???¡ì?¨¦?????GPRS/UMTSo?¡ìa?¡ì?D???¡ì?¨¦?¡ì??¡ì??¡ì????¡§oHSS|¡§??????¡ì???¡ì?????¡ê¡è?¡ìoy?Y2?¡ì2???¨¨?|¡§??¡ì?¨¦D?¡ìo1?¡ì?????¡ê¡è??¡ì??????¡ì|?¡ì?¡ì?¡ìo?1??¡ì?|?¡ì|?¡ì?o?¡ìa?¡ì?|?¡ì?????¡ì???¨¬1??¡ì?|?¡ì|?¡ì????¡ì?2G?¡ì?????¡ê¡è???¡ìo???¨¨?¡ì|??|¡§??2.5Go?¡ìa3G
(GPRS/EDGEo?¡ìaUMTS)??¡§o??¡ì?????a??¡ìa??¡§??¡ì??¡ì?¨¦1?|¡§???aD?2?¡ì2???¨¨??¡ì???¡ì??¡ì23GPP??¡§|ETSIo?¡ìaITU-T|¡§??¡ì?¡ì?¡§¡é?D?1???¡ì???¡§o???¡ì???¡ì?????¡ì11??¡ì?¡ì??¨¨?¡§¡è?¡§o???¡ì?D?????¡ì?|¡§???o??¡ì???¡ì???¡ìo???¡§o
HSS??¡ì11??¡ì??¡ì?¨¦1???¡ì?¨¨1??¡ì?¡ì?¡ìa?t?¡§o??¡ì?¡ì??¨¨?¡§¡è?¡§o??¡ì2??¡ì|?¡ì?????¡ì???¡ì??|¡§???aGRPSo?¡ìaUMTS (WCDMA)
?¡ìa??????¨¬?¡ì?¨¦?¡§|?e?¡ì??????aD?1???¡ì1??¡ì2|¡§???¡§oo
- SGSN
- MSC-S
- CGF
- RNC
- UMTS ????
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- HLR
- MSC/VLR
- ????¡ì1?¡ìaa?¡ì|?¡ì?¡ì?¡§o??¨¬Intelligent Peripheral?¡§o?
- GPRS Terminal
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?aD??¡§¡è??Y|¡§???a????¨¨??????¡ì|?¡ì???¡ì??¡ì2??¡ì???¡ì?D|¡§???¡§¡è?¡ìo?¡§¡é?2?¡ì???¡§¡é???|¡§??¡ìa3?¡§o???¡ì11??¡ì??¡ì?¨¦1?????¡ì???¡ìoy?Y????¡ìo???¨¨t???¡§o?2?¡§|???????¡ê¡è3?¡ì|2?
(convergence layers) ?¡ì????¡ìo?¡ìo?¡ì?|???¡ì?D|¡§???¡§¡è?¡ìo?¡§¡é??¡ì|?¡ì??¡ì??|¡§??¡ì?2?t??¡§o
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Protocol
Stacks
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BSSAP+
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MAP
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ALCAP (Q.2630.1, Q.2630.2)
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BSSGP
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MM
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SSCF-NNI/UNI
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CAP
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NBAP
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SSCOP
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Framing Protocols
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NS
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STC
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Gb
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PDCP
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GMM/SM
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RABM
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GTP-C/U
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RANAP
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GTP??£¤
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RLC/MAC
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GSMS
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RNSAP
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ISUP/B-ISUP
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INAP
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RRC
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SCCP/D-SCCP
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IPoA
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SNDCP
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MTP3/D- MTP3
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LLC
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SS
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MTP3B/D-MTP3B
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USIL
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TCAP
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Access
Side Stack
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V 5.2
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